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DO
you know that in the first decade after London's bus
services were privatised the city's commuters made 99
million fewer journeys a year on the system? It took
ten years for numbers to bounce back and it only happened
after significant changes were made to the model. Unfortunately
for Londoners they are now stuck with a bad system:
we are not.
Transport
Minister Seamus Brennan is big on slogans and soundbites,
but short on solutions. He has frequently cited privatised
models like London as examples we should emulate. Here
are just some of the reasons we should avoid them like
the plague.
A
major factor in London's falling passenger numbers was
higher fares. Another was the lousy conditions imposed
by private operators on drivers, who left the system
in droves. Wages actually fell by 25 per cent, in real
terms, during the first year of privatisation. Without
the drivers schedules were simply cut back.
Subsequently
London Underground suffered from serious overcrowding
that seriously stretched safety margins but it was still
unable to cope with the extra traffic. The result was
more cars and more congestion on the city's streets.
Now
at last things are beginning to improve. Why? Because
London's Mayor, Ken Livingstone, anmd the Transport
for London authority stepped in and set down new criteria
to improve standards of service to the public. A £4
(sterling) daily allowance was paid to to every driver
who completed a shift. This improved staff recruitment
and retention. Prices were frozen and there is now a
standard integrated fare which allows commuters to switch
routes and travel anywhere in London for just 65p, or
less than one euro.
Just
for the record, the only time an integrated fares system
has ever operarted in Dublin, or anywhere in Ireland,
was on July 18th last year with the NO FARES DAY provided
courtesy of the National Bus and Railworkers Union and
our colleagues in CIE.
But
let's get back to London for a moment. Car ownership
is at last falling as Londoners, facing rising population
densities and dwindling parking spaces, make the inevitable
switch to buses and trains.
All
of this has not come cheap, despite promises from Magaret
Thatcher in the early 1980s that privatisation would
drive down costs and improve services. Private bus operators
in London now receive £200 million a year in operating
subsidies and the equivalent of a another £250
million in hidden subsidies through the provision of
bus stations, bus stops, security and other services
from the city's council. The council even provides the
buses!
On
top of that there is the £50 million a year bill
to pay for the city's regulatory authority to oversee
the competitive model - half of which is devoted solely
to the bus market. Is it any wonder that transport experts
are now predicting total subsidies to the private bus
operators in London are going to reach £1 billion
a year by 2008?
In
contrast Dublin Bus receives a subvention of €54
million last year, or 25 per cent of its operating costs
- one of the lowest in Europe. Almost all of this, €49.4
million can be attributed to congestion on the city's
streets. Ironically much of this congestion has been
due to another of the Minister's pet projects, the LUAS,
which is costing over €28 million a kilometre,
compared with €400,000 a kilometre for Quality
Bus Corridors (QBCs).
Unlike
the LUAS, QBCs are not susceptible to power failures,
can carry far more passengers per hour than trams and
QBCs can be used in emergencies by other vehicles.
Despite
all the problems facing Dublin Bus, more and more commuters
are making the switch from private cars public transport.
In the past six years 12 per cent fewer motorists are
entering central Dublin and bus numbers are up 19 per
cent, hardly surprising when the average bus journey
in peak traffic is 26 munites compared with 37 minutes
for a car. On some major routes such as the Stillorgan
QBC there are now more people travelling by bus than
car.
EU
commissioned research on the quality of transport services
across all the member states showed that Ireland came
third overall, after Luxembourg and Sweden. The UK came
seventh and London transport was worst for 'traffic
supply', 'reliability', 'comfort', 'safety' and 'staff
behaviour'. In contrast Dublin Bus has scored highly
in all these areas coming first under 'comfort' and
second in 'traffic supply' and 'staff behaviour'. It
came mid-range under the other headings.
And
far from privatisation creating competition there is
practically no movement in the London bus market because
90 per cent of all renewed contracts go to the existing
operator. London may be stuck with a failed transport
model but we can still avoid it, if the Minister has
the will and foresight to do so. Unfortunately he has
shown no signs of doing so.
Twice
during the Christmas 'silly season' he reiterated his
commitment to privatise at least 25 per cent of Dublin
Bus routes this year and added 25 per cent of Bus Eireann
routes for good measure. Perhaps he does not realise
that half the provincial bus market is already in the
hands of private operators - are they now to be given
even more of the market?
Perhaps
he does not realise either that many of the private
Irish bus companies granted licences are now controlled
by foreign multinationals such as Metroline, a Singapore
based company which is one of the main players in London.
Perhaps
he does not care and only wants to cut costs. Unfortunately
there are no good cheap options. When Steer Davies Gleave
completed its study of the Irish bus market for Seamus
Brennan in 2002 it concluded that, 'Whatever regulatory
system is adopted, it will be unable to alter the fundamental
issue that low levels of support inevitably translate
into low levels of service. It is apparent that regional
and provincial city service levels [in Ireland] are
relatively poor by Northern European standards'.
Seamus
Brennan should remember he is the Minister for Transport
for all the people of this island and not just the fat
cats who support the Fianna Fail-PD Coalition on the
basis that slashing the quality of public services is
okay if it delivers tax cuts for them.
Millions
of passenger journeys by bus in London
| Year |
1987/8
|
1988/9
|
1989/90
|
1990/91
|
1991/92
|
1992/93
|
1993/94
|
Millions
of journeys
|
1,211
|
1,206
|
1,183
|
1,180
|
1,149
|
1,127
|
1,112
|
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